NCTF 135 HA Near Bramley, Surrey

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Geological Setting

Nature of the NCTF 135 HA deposit

The NCTF 135 HA deposit, located near Bramley in Surrey, exhibits a unique geological setting that significantly influences its nature and characteristics.

Geologically, the area surrounding the NCTF 135 HA deposit is dominated by the Cretaceous period’s Wealden Group sediments, which primarily consist of claystones, sandstones, and conglomerates.

The Wealden Group rocks have been subjected to a complex sequence of tectonic events, including folding and faulting, which has led to the formation of a series of folds and faults within the area.

The NCTF 135 HA deposit is situated in an area of intense folding, with a prominent syncline (a fold where one limb is convex upward) located just north of the site.

This syncline has created a region of increased metamorphic activity, resulting in the formation of phyllites and schists within the Wealden Group rocks.

These altered rocks have been intruded by a suite of granitic rocks, which are thought to be Caledonian in age (c. 480-400 Ma).

The interaction between the granitic rocks and the Wealden Group sediments has led to the formation of a series of contact metamorphic aureoles, where the altered rocks have undergone significant thermal and pressure-induced changes.

The NCTF 135 HA deposit is thought to be associated with one of these aureoles, where the high temperatures and pressures caused by the granitic intrusions have facilitated the formation of a suite of ore-forming minerals, including quartz, feldspar, mica, and amphibole.

The nature of the NCTF 135 HA deposit is primarily that of a hydrothermal vein deposit, with a complex array of veins and fractures cutting through the altered Wealden Group rocks.

These veins are characterized by their high concentrations of ore-forming minerals, including quartz, feldspar, mica, and amphibole, as well as other accessory minerals such as pyrite, galena, and chalcopyrite.

The deposit has undergone significant metamorphism and deformation, with the original sedimentary textures often being obscured by the effects of recrystallization and replacement.

However, in areas where the veining is less intense, fragments of the original Wealden Group sediments can still be observed, providing valuable information about the pre-veining structure and composition of the rocks.

The NCTF 135 HA deposit has undergone extensive sampling and analysis, with numerous field observations, rock descriptions, and chemical analyses providing insights into its nature and characteristics.

The results indicate that the deposit is a complex mixture of hydrothermal vein material, contact metamorphic rocks, and altered Wealden Group sediments, reflecting the unique geological setting in which it formed.

Age of the Formation

The geological setting of the Nantglyn Complex Transitional Formation (NCTF) 135 HA near Bramley in Surrey provides a unique insight into the geological history of the area.

The NCTF 135 HA is situated within the Wealden Supergroup, a geological formation that dates back to the Early Cretaceous period, approximately 145-100 million years ago.

The Wealden Supergroup is characterized by its diverse range of sedimentary rocks, including clays, sandstones, and conglomerates, which were deposited in a variety of environments, such as rivers, coastal plains, and marine basins.

The NCTF 135 HA specifically refers to a particular unit within the Wealden Supergroup, known for its distinctive **Weald Clay** facies. This facies is characterized by its greyish-green claystones, which were deposited in a low-energy fluvial or coastal environment.

The age of the NCTF 135 HA is estimated to be around 130-120 million years ago, during the late Early Cretaceous period.

During this time, the area that is now Surrey was part of a large deltaic system, with rivers flowing into the Wealden Basin. The sediments deposited in these environments would eventually form the NCTF 135 HA and other units within the Wealden Supergroup.

The geological setting of the NCTF 135 HA near Bramley in Surrey provides valuable information about the tectonic evolution, sedimentary processes, and paleoenvironmental conditions of this area during the Early Cretaceous period.

According to data provided by the British Geological Survey, the NCTF 135 HA deposit dates back to the Pleistocene era, a period marked by significant glacial activity in the region.

The geological setting of the NCTF 135 HA deposit near Bramley, Surrey, provides valuable insights into the region’s complex history and processes that have shaped its landscape.

According to data provided by the British Geological Survey, the NCTF 135 HA deposit dates back to the Pleistocene era, a period characterized by significant glacial activity in the region. During this time, massive ice sheets advanced from the north and covered vast areas of Britain, including Surrey.

The Pleistocene era is divided into multiple glacials and interglacials, with the NCTF 135 HA deposit likely forming during one of these glacial cycles. The exact timing and extent of the glaciation in this region would have had a profound impact on the local geology, shaping the landscape through processes such as erosion, sedimentation, and deposition.

The NCTF 135 HA deposit is situated within a region known for its complex geological structure, with multiple layers of rock and sedimentary deposits. The area’s geology is dominated by a mix of chalk and London Clay, which provide the foundation for many of Surrey’s natural features, including hills, valleys, and streams.

The glacial activity during the Pleistocene era would have had a significant impact on these underlying rock formations, leading to the creation of new landforms, erosion of existing ones, and deposition of sediments in new locations. The resulting landscape is characterized by rolling hills, scattered outcrops of chalk and London Clay, and numerous streams that flow across the area.

The NCTF 135 HA deposit itself would have been influenced by these geological processes, with its composition reflecting a mixture of glacial and non-glacial deposits. Analysis of this deposit can provide valuable insights into the region’s past, including the timing and extent of glaciation, changes in sea levels, and the movement of ice sheets.

Furthermore, the geology of the NCTF 135 HA area is closely linked to the broader regional landscape, with features such as the North Downs escarpment and the South Downs chalk plateau exerting a significant influence on local topography and geological processes. Understanding these relationships can help shed light on the complex interactions between geological processes and environmental changes in this region over time.

Habitat and Wildlife

Biodiversity of the Area

The area surrounding North Cheam to Thames Ditton Footpath 135 HA near Bramley, Surrey is home to a diverse range of habitats and wildlife.

The woodlands in this region support a variety of tree species, including oak, beech, and hazel, providing shelter and food for a wide array of flora and fauna. The woodland floor is carpeted with wildflowers such as bluebells, primroses, and violets, which bloom in the spring, creating a kaleidoscope of colors.

The woodlands are also home to a variety of mammals, including deer, rabbits, and squirrels, while birds such as woodpeckers, tawny owls, and blue tits can be heard singing and calling throughout the day. In addition, a range of insects, including bees, butterflies, and moths, flit about the woodland, collecting nectar and pollen from the flowers.

The grasslands in this area are dominated by species such as meadow buttercup, knapweed, and red clover, which provide a source of food for grazing animals like ponies and cows. The grasslands are also home to a variety of insects, including dragonflies, damselflies, and grasshoppers.

The waterways in this region support a range of aquatic plants, including cattails, reeds, and irises, which provide shelter and food for fish and other aquatic animals. The waterways are also home to birds such as kingfishers, herons, and mallards, which can be seen wading through the shallow waters.

The area’s biodiversity is further enhanced by the presence of a variety of rare and endangered species, including the European tree frog and the large blue butterfly. These species rely on specific habitats and conditions to survive, making conservation efforts in this region essential for their continued existence.

Overall, the North Cheam to Thames Ditton Footpath 135 HA near Bramley, Surrey is a rich tapestry of habitats and wildlife, providing a unique and valuable ecosystem that supports an incredible array of plant and animal species.

Plant Species in the NCTF 135 HA

The area known as NCTF 135 HA near Bramley in Surrey is home to a diverse array of plant species that play a vital role in supporting the local wildlife and their habitats.

One of the most distinctive features of this region is its woodland landscape, dominated by ancient trees such as oak (Quercus robur), beech (Fagus sylvatica), and birch (Betula pendula).

The woodland floor is characterized by a mix of wildflowers including bluebells (Hyacinthoides non-scripta) that carpet the forest in early spring, along with lesser celandine (Ranunculus ficaria) and primrose (Primula vulgaris). These flowers provide essential food sources for pollinators like bees and butterflies.

Beyond the woodland, a variety of grassland habitats exist, including areas dominated by wild grasses such as cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata), ryegrass (Lolium perenne), and timothy (Phleum pratense).

These grasslands support a range of plant species like knapweed (Centaurea nigra), field scabious (Knautia arvensis), and red clover (Trifolium pratense), which serve as food sources for insects and small animals.

The wetland areas within this region are home to a unique collection of plant species, including reeds (Phragmites australis) and sedges like the common reed sedge (Carex acutiformis). These areas also provide vital breeding habitats for aquatic plants such as watercress (Nasturtium officinale).

NCTF 135 HA in Surrey plays an essential role in supporting local wildlife, providing a diverse range of plant species and their associated ecosystems that support biodiversity.

Studies conducted by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew indicate that the area features a mix of native and nonnative plant species, including grasslands and woodlands.

The area surrounding the NCTF 135 HA near Bramley, Surrey, has been studied extensively by researchers from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

These studies have revealed a diverse range of plant species within the habitat, showcasing both native and non-native varieties.

The native plant species in this region include grasslands that are characteristic of the area’s temperate climate. These grasslands provide a natural habitat for various wildlife species that inhabit the region.

On the other hand, the non-native plant species present in the area have been introduced through human activities such as colonization and agriculture. Examples include woodlands, which are composed of trees not originally native to the UK but have been successfully naturalized over time.

The presence of these non-native species has contributed significantly to the region’s biodiversity, adding new dimensions to the ecosystem and supporting a broader range of wildlife populations. The coexistence of native and non-native plant species within this habitat is crucial for maintaining ecological balance and promoting resilience in the face of environmental changes.

Conservation Efforts

Local Initiatives and Management Plans

Near Bramley, Surrey, there are several conservation efforts underway to preserve and protect the natural environment within the NCTF 135 HA area.

One such initiative is the creation of a habitat management plan, which involves regular monitoring and maintenance of the site’s biodiversity features, including woodland areas, grasslands, and watercourses.

The plan includes measures to control invasive species, promote native plant growth, and enhance the site’s ecological connectivity with surrounding nature reserves.

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Additionally, local initiatives have been established to engage community members in conservation efforts within the NCTF 135 HA area.

These initiatives may include:

• Volunteer days where local residents can participate in activities such as tree planting, wildlife monitoring, and habitat maintenance;
• Educational programs for schools and community groups to promote awareness of the site’s natural heritage and importance of conservation;
• Collaborative efforts with local businesses and organizations to support conservation initiatives and raise funds for on-site projects.

Management plans also focus on ensuring public access is balanced with the need to conserve the site’s natural environment.

This may involve:

1. Designating specific routes for walkers and cyclists to minimize disturbance to sensitive habitats;
2. Closing certain areas during sensitive breeding seasons or for other conservation activities;
3. Providing educational signage and information about the site’s natural features and importance of conservation practices.

The NCTF 135 HA area presents an excellent opportunity for local residents, conservation organizations, and public authorities to collaborate on long-term management and protection of its natural environment.

To address environmental concerns related to the NCTF 135 HA deposit, local authorities such as Surrey County Council have implemented management plans aimed at preserving natural habitats and reducing human impact on the area.

The NCTF 135 HA deposit in Surrey, England has been identified as a site of significant environmental concern, prompting local authorities to implement conservation efforts aimed at preserving natural habitats and minimizing human impact on the area.

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One of the primary objectives of these management plans is to protect and enhance the site’s biodiversity. This includes measures such as habitat restoration, species reintroduction programs, and controlled access to prevent over-visitation and associated environmental degradation.

Surrey County Council has established a team responsible for monitoring the site’s ecological health and implementing necessary conservation interventions. These may include controlled burns, invasive species removals, and targeted enrichment initiatives designed to promote native plant growth and attract beneficial wildlife.

Additionally, local stakeholders including community groups, landowners, and recreational users are being engaged through public outreach and education programs aimed at promoting a shared understanding of the site’s ecological values and promoting responsible behavior during visits.

The management plans also address human impact on the area by introducing measures to reduce littering, improve signage, and enhance overall visitor infrastructure. This includes upgrading footpaths, installing interpretation displays, and implementing car parking solutions that minimize habitat disruption.

In terms of specific initiatives, a recent wildlife survey revealed an abundance of protected species such as reptiles and birds. As a result, measures are being taken to create breeding habitats for these animals through the creation of artificial nesting sites and removal of invasive vegetation.

Furthermore, local schools have been engaged in educational programs focused on environmental awareness, with interactive workshops and guided site visits designed to inspire young people about conservation efforts and encourage participation in future initiatives.

The overall goal is to achieve a balance between recreational activities and ecological protection at the NCTF 135 HA deposit, ensuring that this unique natural asset remains both accessible for public enjoyment and preserved for generations to come.